Phytochemical Investigation and Total Phenolic Content of Leaves of Tinospora Cordifolia

By S. V. Dhangar1, S. S. Patel1, J. S. Marathe1, Priyanka S. Ahire2, Jayesh C. Chaudhari2, H. P. Suryawanshi3, Rajesh A. Ahirrao4*

1P. G. College of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Nandurbar (MS), India
2Assistant Professor, Same Institution
3Professor, Same Institution
4Principal, P. G. College of Pharmaceutical Science and Research

Abstract

This study evaluates the anticancer potential of Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy) through analysis of its total phenolic content. The plant contains bioactive compounds with medicinal relevance. Qualitative and quantitative evaluations were performed, including phenolic estimation and HPLC analysis. The findings suggest a correlation between phenolic content and anticancer activity, indicating its potential for development of natural therapeutic agents.

Keywords:

Tinospora cordifolia, Giloy, anticancer, total phenolic content, HPLC

Introduction

Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy) is a medicinal plant widely used in Ayurveda for its immunomodulatory and rejuvenating properties. It contains alkaloids, glycosides, phenolics, and diterpenoid lactones, contributing to antioxidant and anticancer activity. Studies have shown cytotoxic effects against cancer cell lines, supporting its potential as a natural anticancer agent.

Materials and Methods

Leaves were collected from Nandurbar, India, authenticated, shade-dried, and extracted using aqueous maceration. Phytochemical screening was conducted using standard qualitative tests. Total phenolic content was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method, and HPLC analysis was performed using a C18 column for phenolic profiling.

Results

Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, proteins, and phenolic compounds.

Total phenolic content was calculated using a gallic acid calibration curve (R² = 0.9774), indicating strong antioxidant potential.

HPLC analysis showed gallic acid concentrations corresponding to peak areas:

Gallic Acid (µg/mL)Peak Area
5554
101066.1457
151499.0721
201953.7331
252490.4974

Discussion

The presence of phenolic compounds, especially gallic acid, supports the antioxidant and anticancer potential of Tinospora cordifolia. These compounds contribute to apoptosis induction and free radical scavenging activity.

Conclusion

Tinospora cordifolia demonstrates promising anticancer potential due to its phenolic content. Further research is required to validate its therapeutic applications and mechanism of action.

References

  1. Jagetia G.C. (2019). Anticancer activity of Tinospora cordifolia.
  2. Ahmad R. et al. (2015). In vitro anticancer activity studies.
  3. Mishra A. et al. (2013). Medicinal efficacy of Tinospora cordifolia.
  4. Additional references as per original article.